Icyiciro cya mbere cy’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe hamwe na kota yo gushonga byasohotse mu 2024, bikomeza ikibazo cy’umucyo udacogora w’umucyo udasanzwe w’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro ndetse no gukenera cyane no gukenera ubutaka buciriritse kandi buremereye. Twabibutsa ko icyiciro cya mbere cyibipimo by’isi bidasanzwe byatanzwe mbere yukwezi kurenga icyiciro kimwe cy’umwaka ushize, kandi bitarenze amezi abiri mbere yuko icyiciro cya gatatu cy’ubutaka budasanzwe gitangwa mu 2023.
Ku mugoroba wo ku ya 6 Gashyantare, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho na Minisiteri y’umutungo Kamere basohoye itangazo ryerekeye igipimo rusange cy’igenzura ry’icyiciro cya mbere cy’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe, gushonga no gutandukana mu 2024 (nyuma bikitwa “Amatangazo) ”). Amatangazo yerekanye ko igipimo rusange cyo kugenzura icyiciro cya mbere cy’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe, gushonga no gutandukana mu 2024 bwari toni 135000 na toni 127000, byiyongereyeho 12.5% na 10.4% ugereranije n’icyiciro kimwe cyo mu 2023, ariko umuvuduko wumwaka-mwaka kwiyongera. Mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ibipimo bidasanzwe by’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka mu 2024, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe bwagabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, mu gihe ibipimo by’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka buciriritse kandi buremereye bwerekanye iterambere ribi. Nk’uko Amatangazo abitangaza, icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibipimo by’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe muri uyu mwaka ni toni 124900, byiyongereyeho 14.5% ugereranije n’icyiciro kimwe cyashize umwaka ushize, kiri munsi cyane y’ubwiyongere bwa 22.11% mu cyiciro kimwe umwaka ushize; Ku bijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka buciriritse kandi buremereye, icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibipimo by’ubutaka buciriritse kandi biremereye muri uyu mwaka byari toni 10100, byagabanutseho 7.3% ugereranije n’icyiciro kimwe umwaka ushize.
Duhereye ku makuru yavuzwe haruguru, dushobora kubona ko mu myaka yashize, ibipimo ngarukamwaka byo gucukura no gushonga by’ubutaka budasanzwe byiyongereye ubudahwema, cyane cyane umubare w’ubutaka budasanzwe bworoheje bwiyongereye uko umwaka utashye, mu gihe igipimo cy’ubutaka buciriritse kandi kiremereye gifite yagumye idahindutse. Umubare wubutaka buciriritse nuburemere budasanzwe ntabwo bwiyongereye mumyaka myinshi, ndetse bwaragabanutse mumyaka ibiri ishize. Ku ruhande rumwe, ibi biterwa no gukoresha uburyo bwo gutobora ibidendezi hamwe n’uburyo bwo gutobora ibirundo mu bucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe bwa ion, ibyo bikaba bizabangamira cyane ibidukikije by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro; Ku rundi ruhande, Ubushinwa buciriritse kandi buremereye ubutunzi bw’ubutaka ni buke, kandi igihugu nticyatanze ubucukuzi bwiyongera mu rwego rwo kurinda umutungo w’ingenzi.
Byongeye kandi, dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu buyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo, mu 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije mu mahanga toni 175852.5 z’ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe by’ubutaka, ku mwaka ku mwaka byiyongereyeho 44.8%. Mu 2023, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni 43856 za oxyde yisi idasanzwe izwi, kwiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka kwiyongera 206%. Mu 2023, Ubushinwa buvanze ku isi budasanzwe bwa karubone butumizwa mu mahanga nabwo bwiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga bingana na toni 15109, umwaka ushize byiyongera kugera kuri 882%. Duhereye ku mibare ya gasutamo, dushobora kubona ko Ubushinwa butumiza amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe y’ubutaka muri Miyanimari ndetse no mu bindi bihugu byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara mu 2023. bigarukira.
Imiterere yo kugabura icyiciro cya mbere cy’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe no gushonga byahinduwe muri uyu mwaka, hasigaye gusa itsinda ry’Abashinwa Rare Earth na North Rare Earth Group risigaye mu Itangazo, mu gihe Xiamen Tungsten na Guangdong Rare Earth Group batabariyemo. Mu buryo bwubaka, Ubushinwa Rare Earth Group nitsinda ryonyine ridasanzwe ryisi rifite ibipimo byerekana ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka budasanzwe ndetse n’ubucukuzi bukabije bw’ubutaka budasanzwe. Kubutaka buciriritse kandi buremereye budasanzwe, gukaza ibipimo byerekana kurushaho ubuke bwabyo hamwe nuburyo bufatika, mugihe guhuza ibikorwa bitangwa bizakomeza kunoza imiterere yinganda.
Inzobere mu nganda zivuga ko igipimo cy’isi kidasanzwe gishobora gukomeza kwiyongera nkicyuma cyo hasi kandiuruganda rukora ibintukomeza kwagura umusaruro. Ariko, biteganijwe ko umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwibipimo byisi bidasanzwe bizagabanuka cyane mugihe kizaza. Kugeza ubu, hari isoko rihagije ry’ibikoresho fatizo by’ubutaka bidasanzwe, ariko kubera ibiciro by’isoko biri hasi, inyungu ziva mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro zaragabanijwe, kandi abayifite bageze aho badashobora gukomeza gutanga inyungu.
Mu 2024, ihame ryo kugenzura umubare wuzuye ntirizahinduka ku ruhande rw’ibitangwa, mu gihe uruhande rusabwa ruzungukirwa n’iterambere ryihuse mu bijyanye n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, ingufu z’umuyaga, na robo y’inganda. Uburyo bwo gutanga-ibisabwa burashobora guhinduka kubitangwa birenze ibisabwa. Biteganijwe ko isi ikenewePraseodymium Neodymium oxydeizagera kuri toni 97100 muri 2024, yiyongere toni 11000 umwaka-ku-mwaka. Ibitangwa byari toni 96300, byiyongereyeho toni 3500 umwaka ushize; icyuho cyo gutanga-ibisabwa ni toni -800. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe no kwihutisha ihuzwa ry’inganda zidasanzwe z’Ubushinwa n’ubwiyongere bw’inganda, imbaraga zo kuvuga amatsinda adasanzwe y’ubutaka mu ruhererekane rw’inganda n’ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugenzura ibiciro biteganijwe kwiyongera, ndetse n’inkunga igenerwa ibiciro bidasanzwe byisi biteganijwe ko bizashimangirwa. Ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho nibyingenzi kandi byizewe kumurongo wo hasi kubutaka budasanzwe. Ibicuruzwa bihagarariwe nubutaka budasanzwe bwibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, rukora cyane-Neodymium magnet, bikoreshwa cyane mumirima ifite ibiranga iterambere ryinshi nkibinyabiziga bishya byingufu, turbine yumuyaga, naama robo yinganda. Abahanga bavuga ko isi ikenera ingufu za Neodymium Iron Boron ikora cyane izagera kuri toni 183000 mu 2024, umwaka ushize wiyongera 13.8%.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-19-2024