Imikorere ya salle ya Hall cyangwa transducer ya Hall ni sensor ihuriweho ishingiye kubikorwa bya Hall kandi igizwe nibintu bya Hall hamwe numuzunguruko wacyo.Inzu ya sensor ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda, ubwikorezi nubuzima bwa buri munsi.Uhereye kumiterere yimbere ya salle ya salle, cyangwa murwego rwo gukoresha, uzasanga iyorukuruzi ihorahoni igice cyingenzi cyakazi.Kuki magnesi zihoraho zisabwa kuri sensor ya Hall?
Mbere ya byose, tangira uhereye kumahame yakazi ya sensor ya Hall, Ingaruka ya Hall.Ingaruka ya Hall ni ubwoko bwa electromagnetic, yavumbuwe numuhanga mu bya fiziki w’umunyamerika Edwin Herbert Hall (1855-1938) mu 1879 ubwo yiga uburyo bwo kuyobora ibyuma.Mugihe umuyaga unyuze mumashanyarazi perpendicular kumurima wa magnetiki yo hanze, uwitwaye aragenda, kandi umurima wamashanyarazi wongeyeho uzabyara perpendikulire yerekeza kumyuka yumuriro na magneti, bikavamo itandukaniro rishobora kuba kumpande zombi ziyobora.Iyi phenomenon ningaruka za Hall, nayo yitwa Hall ishobora gutandukana.
Ingaruka ya Hall mubyukuri ni uguhindagurika kwimuka zatewe ningufu za Lorentz mumashanyarazi.Iyo ibice byashizwemo (electron cyangwa umwobo) bigarukira mubikoresho bikomeye, uku gutandukana kuganisha ku kwegeranya ibintu byiza kandi bibi mu cyerekezo cya perpendikulire ku murima wa none na magneti, bityo bigakora umurima wongeyeho amashanyarazi.
Turabizi ko iyo electron zigenda mumashanyarazi, zizagerwaho n'ingufu za Lorentz.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, reka tubanze turebe ifoto ibumoso.Iyo electron igenda hejuru, ikigezweho cyakozwe nacyo kigenda hepfo.Muraho, reka dukoreshe itegeko ryibumoso, reka reka magnetiki yumvikanisha umurongo wa magneti B (kurasa muri ecran) winjire mumikindo yikiganza, ni ukuvuga ko ikiganza cyikiganza kiri hanze, hanyuma werekeza intoki enye kuri icyerekezo kigezweho, ni ukuvuga ingingo enye hepfo.Hanyuma, icyerekezo cyintoki nimbaraga zicyerekezo cya electron.Electron ihatirwa iburyo, bityo rero kwishyuza mu isahani yoroheje bizahindukira kuruhande rumwe munsi yumurimo wumurima wa magneti.Niba electron igoramye iburyo, itandukaniro rishobora kubaho ibumoso n'iburyo.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo kiri iburyo, niba voltmeter ihujwe n’ibumoso n’iburyo, voltage izamenyekana.Iri ni ihame shingiro ryo kwinjiza salle.Umuvuduko wamenyekanye witwa sal induced voltage.Niba magnetiki yo hanze ikuweho, voltage ya Hall irazimira.Niba ihagarariwe nishusho, Ingaruka ya Hall nki shusho ikurikira:
i: icyerekezo kigezweho, B: icyerekezo cyumwanya wa magnetiki wo hanze, V: Umuvuduko wa Hall, hamwe nududomo duto mumasanduku dushobora gufatwa nka electron.
Duhereye ku ihame ryakazi rya sensor ya Hall, urashobora gusanga sensor ya salle ya Hall ni sensor ikora, igomba gusaba amashanyarazi yo hanze hamwe na magnetiki yumurimo gukora.Urebye ibisabwa byubunini buto, uburemere bworoshye, gukoresha ingufu nke no gukoresha byoroshye mugukoresha sensor, rukuruzi yoroshye ihoraho aho kuba electronique ikomeye ikoreshwa mugutanga imbaraga za magneti yo hanze.Byongeye kandi, muburyo bune bwingenzi bwa magnesi zihoraho,SmConaNdFeB isi idasanzwemagnesi zifite ibyiza nkibintu bya magnetiki bihanitse kandi bihamye bikora neza, bishobora gukora imikorere yimikorere ya Hall transducer cyangwa sensor kugirango igere kubwukuri, kubyumva, no gupima kwizewe.Kubwibyo NdFeB na SmCo bakoresha byinshi nkaInganda zingirakamaro za transducer.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-10-2021