Nk’uko ibiro ntaramakuru Reuters bibitangaza ngo Minisitiri w’intebe wa Maleziya, Anwar Ibrahim, yatangaje ku wa mbere (11 Nzeri) ko Maleziya izashyiraho politiki yo kubuza kohereza mu mahanga ibikoresho by’ibanze bidasanzwe byo mu mahanga kugira ngo hatabaho gutakaza umutungo nk’ubukungu bitewe n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.
Anwar yongeyeho ko guverinoma izashyigikira iterambere ry’inganda zidasanzwe za Maleziya, kandi ko iryo tegeko rizabuza “inyungu nyinshi mu gihugu,” ariko ntiyatangaje igihe iryo tegeko ryateganijwe rizatangira gukurikizwa.Dukusanya amakuru ku bubiko bw'isi budasanzwe bwa Maleziya, umusaruro, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, n'umugabane w'isi kugira ngo turebe ingaruka zabyo ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Ibigega: Mu 2022, ubutaka budasanzwe ku isi bugera kuri toni miliyoni 130, naho ubutaka budasanzwe bwa Maleziya bugera kuri toni 30000.
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bw’Amerika muri Jewoloji bubitangaza,Amakuru ya USGSyarekuwe, ukurikije ububiko bw’isi, umutungo rusange w’ubutaka udasanzwe ku isi mu 2022 wari hafi toni miliyoni 130, Ubushinwa bwari toni miliyoni 44 (35.01%), Ububiko bwa Vietnam bwari toni miliyoni 22 (17.50%), ububiko bwa Berezile bwari miliyoni 21 toni (16,71%), Uburusiya bwaribitseho toni miliyoni 21 (16,71%), naho ibihugu bine bingana na 85,93% by’ubukungu bw’isi, mu gihe ibindi bisigaye 14.07%.Duhereye ku mbonerahamwe yabigenewe ku gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru, Maleziya ntihaboneka, mu gihe amakuru ateganijwe kuva muri USGS mu mwaka wa 2019 yerekana ko ubutaka budasanzwe bwa Maleziya bugera kuri toni 30000, igice gito gusa cy’ibigega by’isi, bingana na 0.02%.
Umusaruro: Maleziya yari hafi 0.16% yumusaruro wisi yose muri 2018
Nk’uko imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara na USGS ibivuga, ku bijyanye n’umusaruro w’isi, umusaruro w’amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe ku isi mu 2022 wari toni 300000, muri yo umusaruro w’Ubushinwa ukaba wari toni 210000, bingana na 70% by’umusaruro rusange ku isi.Mu bindi bihugu, mu 2022, Amerika yatanze toni 43000 z'ubutaka budasanzwe (14.3%), Ositaraliya itanga toni 18000 (6%), Miyanimari itanga toni 12000 (4%).Kugeza ubu nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko Maleziya ihari ku mbonerahamwe y’ibicuruzwa, byerekana ko umusaruro wacyo ari muto.Urebye ko umusaruro w’ubutaka udasanzwe wa Maleziya ari muto kandi amakuru y’umusaruro akaba ari make, nk’uko raporo y’incamake y’ibicuruzwa by’amabuye y'agaciro yo mu 2018 yashyizwe ahagaragara na USGS ibivuga, umusaruro udasanzwe w’ubutaka bwa Maleziya (REO) ni toni 300.Dukurikije amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara mu mahugurwa y’iterambere ry’inganda mu Bushinwa ASEAN, umusaruro w’ubutaka budasanzwe ku isi muri 2018 wari hafi toni 190000, wiyongereyeho toni 56000 uva kuri toni 134000 muri 2017. Umusaruro wa Maleziya watanze toni 300 muri 2018 ugereranije na toni 190000 muri 2018 , bingana na 0.16%.
Dukurikije imibare y’imibare, Maleziya yohereje toni 22505.12 z’ubutaka bw’ubutaka budasanzwe mu 2022, na toni 17309.44 z’ubutaka budasanzwe mu 2021. Dukurikije imibare yatumijwe mu mahanga n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo y’Ubushinwa, umubare w’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga bivanze bidasanzwe isi ya karubone mu Bushinwa yari hafi toni 9631.46 mu mezi arindwi ya mbere ya 2023. Muri yo, hafi toni 6015.77 za karubone ivanze idasanzwe ya karubone ituruka muri Maleziya, bingana na 62.46% by’ubushinwa buvanze n’ubutaka budasanzwe bwa karubone mu mahanga mu mezi arindwi ya mbere.Iri gereranya rituma Maleziya iba igihugu kinini mu Bushinwa buvanze n’ubutaka budasanzwe bwa karubone mu mezi arindwi ya mbere.Urebye ivangwa rya karubone idasanzwe, Maleziya nisoko yingenzi ya karubone ivanze idasanzwe mubushinwa.Nyamara, urebye umubare w’amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe y'isi hamwe na okiside idasanzwe yo ku isi itumizwa mu Bushinwa, umubare w'ibyo bitumizwa mu mahanga nturacyari hejuru.Mu mezi arindwi ya mbere yuyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bwatumije toni 105750.4 z’ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe ku isi.Umubare wa toni 6015.77 ziva mu mahanga zivanze na karubone zidasanzwe ziva muri Maleziya mu mezi arindwi ya mbere yuyu mwaka zingana na 5.69% by’ubushinwa butumizwa mu mahanga mu mezi arindwi ya mbere.
Ingaruka: Ingaruka nke ku isi idasanzwe ku isi, ubufasha bwigihe gito bufasha kongera icyizere ku isoko ridasanzwe ryisi
Duhereye ku bubiko bw'ubutaka budasanzwe bwa Maleziya, umusaruro, no gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga, dushobora kubona ko politiki yayo yo kubuza kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bidasanzwe bigira ingaruka nke ku Bushinwa ndetse no ku isi ku isi bidasanzwe.Urebye ko Anwar itavuze igihe cyo gushyira mu bikorwa iryo tegeko ryabuzanyaga, erega haracyari igihe gito kuva icyifuzo cya politiki kigashyirwa mubikorwa, kikaba kidafite ingaruka nke ku isoko.Nyamara, igipimo cy’ubutaka budasanzwe n’umusaruro muri Maleziya ntabwo kiri hejuru, kuki bikomeje gukurura isoko?Umusesenguzi w’umushinga Blue, David Merriman, yatangaje ko ingaruka z’ihagarikwa rya Maleziya zitaramenyekana neza kubera kubura amakuru arambuye, ariko guhagarika isi bidasanzwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku masosiyete akorera mu bindi bihugu byo muri Maleziya.Nkuko byavuzwe na Reuters, igihangange kidasanzwe cyo muri Ositaraliya Lynas Rare Earth Limited gifite uruganda muri Maleziya rutunganya amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe abona muri Ositaraliya.Kugeza ubu ntiharamenyekana niba gahunda yo guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga muri Maleziya izagira ingaruka kuri Lynas, kandi Lynas ntiyigeze ayitabira.Mu myaka yashize, Maleziya yashyizeho amategeko abuza ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byo gutunganya Lynas kubera impungenge z’imirasire iterwa no guturika no gutemba.Lynas yamaganye ibyo birego avuga ko bakurikiza amabwiriza abigenga.
Ifungwa rya gasutamo iherutse muri Miyanimari, gukosora ibibazo by’ubugenzuzi bw’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije mu karere ka Longnan, ndetse n’igitekerezo cyo guhagarika ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bidasanzwe muri Maleziya byateje ikibazo cy’ibicuruzwa bikomeje.Nubwo ibi bitaragira ingaruka ku itangwa ry’isoko ku isoko, ryagize uruhare runini ku byifuzo by’itangwa ryinshi, ryateje imyumvire ku isoko.Hamwe ningaruka zinganda zo hasi nkaisi idasanzwenamoteri y'amashanyarazimugihe cyimpera, isoko yisi idasanzwe iherutse kuzamuka muri rusange.Urebye ingaruka z’ibi bintu byavuzwe haruguru, abahanga bamwe bavuga ko ibiciro by’ubutaka bidasanzwe bizakomeza kugenda neza muri Nzeri keretse habaye impinduka zikomeye mu itangwa n’ibisabwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-19-2023